Assumed Failure Modes

Component	Used in digital circuits	Used in analog circuits
2-port linear (passive)	stuck short	stuck short
(resistor, capacitor)	stuck open	stuck open
		drift of spec. value
2-port nonlinear (active)	stuck short	stuck short
(diode, diac, mov, zener etc.)	stuck open	stuck open
		threshold / operating point drift
2-port crystal	like 2-port plus oscillation on sub- or harmonic	like 2-port plus oscillation on sub- or harmonic
2-port nonlinear (active)	stuck short	stuck short
(LED, phototransistor,	stuck open	stuck open
thermocouple, pressure sense.)		gain drift / linearity error
3-port active	Output/Input stuck high	Output/Input stuck high
(FET, transistor, voltage	Output/Input stuck low	Output/Input stuck low
regulator etc.)	B-E, B-C, E-C short or similar FM	B-E, B-C, E-C short or similar FM
		gain, output drift
Integrated Circuit	Stuck low of any pin	Stuck low of any pin
Low/Medium Scale	Stuck high of any pin	Stuck high of any pin
Integration	Short between any pin	Short between any pin
(OpAmp, Gates,Quardpacks)	Stuck open of any pin	Stuck open of any pin
		Drift of operating characteristics
Integrated Circuit	Stuck low of any pin	Stuck low of any pin
LSI/VLSI	Stuck high of any pin	Stuck high of any pin
(PLA,ASIC,CPU etc.)	Short between any pin	Short between any pin
	Stuck open of any pin	Stuck open of any pin
	Internal logic defect	Drift of operating characteristics

Fault Injection Test Protocol

Type of Equipment

Manufacturer

Test dates

Software Version

Schematic Number / Revision

Serial Number

Test #	Loc	Description	Purpose	Time / Status	Expected Reaction	Tested Reaction	PF	Comments
1.	2B4	U67 P5 Gnd	Clock signal short	AT / CA	undetermined	Error 19	P	Switch / shutdown
2.	2B3	U56 P1 Gnd	Temp sensor dead	AT / CA	Sensor error	Error 32	P
3.	2C4	U565 P6 Gnd	WD pulse stuck	AT / CA	Module reset	Error 456	P	Module in reset
4.	3D3	R90 || 1K	5V monitor low	AT / CA	Voltage error	Error2	P
5.	3D3	R946 || 1K	12V monitor low	AT / CA	Voltage error	Error 56	P
6.	3D1	U311 P8 Gnd	Change DAC reference	AT / CA	DAC readback	Error 76	P
7.	3A4	U454 P2 SC P4	IC short	AT / CA	Error	Error 44	P
8.	3D2	U314 P4 SC P5	Interchannel short	AT / CA	Mismatch error	Error 65	P
9.	3D2	U314 P15 SC P16	Mux address short	AT / CA	Mismatch error	Error 543	P
10.	4D2	U110 P1 SC P2	MUX address  short	AT / CA	Mismatch error	Error 45	P
11.	4B1	U280 P9 SC P10	AD interchannel short	AT / CA	Mismatch error	Error 45	P
12.	4B1	U23 P4 SC P8	IC short	AT / CA	Mismatch error	Error 45	P
13.	4C2	R92 || 1K	Sec. Gain loss	AT / CA	Mismatch error	Error 654	P
14.	4B2	U202 P6 Gnd	HC11 WD stuck	AT / CA	Communication error	Error125	P
15.	4B2	U202 P7 Gnd	Reset HC11	AT / CA	Communication error	Error 654	P
16.	5D4	CR61 SC	Diode short	AT / VE	Short error	Error 54	P	On modified board
17.	8C2	U90 P2 Gnd	OK loop stuck closed	AT / CA	ND	ND	?	See rationale
18.	8B3	U57 P8 Vcc	ME override	AT / CA	Discrepancy error	Error 96	P

Legend

Column	Abbr.	Explanation	Column	Abbr.	Explanation	Column	Abbr.	Explanation
Description	Ux	IC number	Time / Status	SU	Start up / Power on tests	P/F	P	Pass test
	Px	IC pin number		AC	active		F	Failed test / reaction not as expected
	SC	Short circuit		ER	Error state		?	Further evaluation necessary
	OC	Open circuit		AT	Any time
	GND	Short to ground
	Vcc	Short to Vcc / Vdd

Test #	Description	Purpose	Time / Status	Expected Reaction	Tested Reaction	PF	Comments
Test No.	Component designator as found in corresponding schematic SC = short circuit Hi = short to +5V (Vcc) Lo = short to logic ground (GND) SC = short circuit Component pins as commonly known: P - IC pin B - transistor basis ....	Describes the failure mode of the fault injection. May describe the localized result of a fault and or additional technical explanations	Status of the unit under test during which the fault was injected AT - any time SU - start up RDY - ready STBY - standby	Expected reaction to the injected fault on system level	Observed reaction to the injected fault on system level	P-pass F-fail	Additional comments, criticality assessment

© 2003 by System Safety, Inc.